Criminology

Child abuse can be described as failure andor doing something that may result in harming or exposing the child to the risk of being harmed. Child abuse can take different forms which include physical, sexual, or emotional abuse. Child neglect is also considered as another form of child abuse. By learning and understanding the prevalent forms of child abuse, one can be able to intervene, prevent and aid in breaking the cycle of abuse. Types of child Abuse Physical abuse involves infliction of physical...

Incarceration is an overused and misused form of discipline within the criminal justice system. Crimes involving murder, rape, child molestation, robbery, and kidnapping should have mandated periods of imprisonment.  Simpler crimes such as passing a bad check, shoplifting, and simple possession charges are causing the penal system to become less effective and overburdened.  Other avenues of retribution should be examined in order to protect the integrity and level of impact that the prison...

The yazuka people hold one of the very dense histories on earth which has its traces and origin from the Tokugawa era.  The period of shogunate is a time when leyasu Tokugawa raised into power and fought towards the unification of Japan. The paper discusses and delves into the historical background of the yazuka, the structure of the yazuka, the different yazuka families, their activities, taboos and cultural practices such as yubizume as well as the relationships of the yazuka people with...

Exclusionary rule stems from the Fourth Amendment of United States constitutional laws that aim at protecting individuals from illegal evidence seizure by law enforcement officers. The rule was created in court thus it was not passed by legislature but by United States Supreme Court. It is a defense mechanism for citizens who are falsely accused of possessing illegal goods. The rule also protects the constitutional rights of offenders who think the method used to search for evidence was very much...

If one seeks to learn about the occurrence and prevalence of crime in society, and to investigate the diverse factors that lead people to commit crimes, then one necessarily has to depend upon accurate crime data and statistics. The word crime is derived from the Latin word crimen, and means fault or accusation. Crime may simply be understood as an intentional act in violation of criminal law, which invites legal punishment. Only proper crime statistics can enable a meaningful codification and analysis...

Pre-trial diversion is a punitive approach where one evades trial in a court of law but is sent back to the community though under tight supervision until the law enforcement officials are contented that he or she has reformed. This mode or approach to punishment is mostly applied to perpetrators of minor offences. If one does not commit any crime during the period under which they are being monitored, then all the records incriminating them are destroyed or sealed. Pre trial diversion is common...

Management of people in the organization has come a long way since the industrial revolution or even earlier when workers and the rest of the components of the human capital were managed under stressful conditions such as force, slavery and compulsion. Organizational subordinates especially the labor work force toil and perform tasks not for compensation or contract purposes, but for obedience and compliance with the rule of masters and slave drivers. The emancipation of the labor force and abolition...

Trace evidence is an important category of crime scene evidence in the sense that it is the most direct evidence related to the suspected criminal act. Owing to the great improvements made in medical science and technology over the past few decades, trace evidence or forensic evidence, as it is commonly referred to in legal parlance has assumed an increasing degree of importance and has often proved to be the deciding factor that leads to either a conviction or an acquittal. In its most basic sense...

The evolution of technology, both from the standpoint of victims and criminals, has truly revolutionized the fields of criminology and the legal infrastructure necessary to respond to the use of technological tools to commit criminal acts.  For the most part, to be sure, the crimes remain fundamentally the same.  Theft, for example, is now accomplished through fiber optic cables rather than through a physical breaking and entering.  There are also new types of crime such as identity...