Criminology

Assassination involves killing directed to an important person who has political significance. There are various factors which can prompt assassination. Some of these include political, religious and military. Other factors which contribute to assassination include revenge and public recognition. Assassination may also be government initiated killings to targeted groups such as terrorist. Assassination may be carried out group of victims and might be effected for political purpose. It may be performed in revenge to violation of political authority. It therefore involves political crime. Assassination was not prone in the olden days since Christian doctrines prevailed deterring the occurrence of killings. Assassination is related to terrorism. Terrorism is the act of challenging a political authority. It might be undertaken by an individual or a group of individuals (White, 2009). Targeted killings are directed by terrorist to individuals who are public figure. The government whose country is targeted may revenge to the killings, thus resulting to massive killings which may even involve innocent people.

Religious fundamentalism involves embattled alienation of the prevailing culture in a certain religion. It can be used to refer to the perception accorded to religious scripture. There are negative connotations which are normally associated to fundamentalists. The September 11 attacks has raised Islamic fundamentalism as an issue of concern worldwide. World security is considered to waiver due to Islamic terrorists. The inclusion of holy war brings controversy to the divine of religion. The question remains to whether the Muslims are hated as perceived by them. They do not advocate extremist elements. Islamist terrorism is perceived to be more dangerous than terrorism practiced by nationalist and separatist movements. Islamists are considered to be incomprehensible mutation and mysterious because their deeds. The acts of terror carried out by Islamist terrorist are suicidal fanatics. There are certain traits which are shared by religious fundamentalists as it involves political violence. The issue of holy war has been an alarming issue to global security.

Genocide may be taken to mean complete or partial destruction of religious, ethnic or a racial group. Genocide may either involve harming or killing of the group members. It may also involve creating mental harm to the group. Genocide is the partial or total eradication of a certain group defined by religion, nation or race. This may be achieved through controlled births or children transfer. Genocide is a term which came to existence after 1944. Genocide is performed with the intention of destroying the existence of a group. The systematic killing of European Jews led to the introduction of the term by Lemkin who was a Jewish lawyer. Genocide came to be recognized as an international crime with the contribution of Lemkin. Genocide is related to terrorism in a way. The acts of genocide are related to the acts of terrorism. Terrorism challenge political authority of which the government may reiterate with revenge (White, 2009). This is not far away from genocide which is carried out to eradicate the existence of a certain group which may be a racial group, ethnic group or even a national group.

Guerrilla War can be taken to mean raids and ambushes which are a carried by a group which is less powerful than the group intended for compaction. Guerrilla war is carried out by independent small bands against a powerful force. It involves surprise attacks. On the other hand, terrorism involves coercing a community or government through systematic intimidation or violence. Terrorism is directed towards political demands. Guerilla war is a tactic of defeating powerful or stronger enemies.

Insurgency is performed with a specific aim and it involves political effort. Insurgency involves a challenge posed to an existing government. It mandated toward forcing political concessions or control of territory. Insurgency may be carried out in search of power sharing. Some support is required from the population for insurgencies. Insurgents may seek eternal support from political entities or other countries (White, 2009). Terrorism is carried without any support or sympathy. Terrorism is normally carried to change a certain perception. The intention of the actor defines between terrorism and insurgency.

Hate crimes are performed by perpetrators to targeted victims due to attachment to a social group. The social group may be defined by gender, religion, sex, political affiliation or even class. Hate crimes are acts which are prompted by hatred. Hate crimes and terrorist acts are similar. This involves the manner in which they are performed as well as the effects of the crimes. For instance, an incendiary method may be used to blaze a synagogue or mosque due to hatred towards religion. Similarly, a terrorist may torch a government building using the same method. The effects of these acts include intimidation, deaths and damage of properties. The motive for each of these crimes distinguishes the two acts (White, 2009). Terrorism involves coercing or intimidation of civilian or the government. Hate crime occurs as a result of bias or hatred towards a person or society.

War crimes are crimes performed during war times. Such crimes include rapists crimes, child trafficking, and sexual abuse. The crimes may be performed by opponents in the war. Terrorism may also involve the acts performed during war times. Human trafficking is prone in terrorism. War crimes may be covered under the international law as it is for anti-terrorism.