Criminology

Police  service  is  one  of  the  most  sophisticated  activities  which  are  provided  by  municipalities  (Larsen  and  Blair,  2009).  It  accounts  for  a  considerable  proportion  of  domestic  budgets  as  citizens  quintessentially  rely  heavily  on  police  services.  More  to  it,  the  tensions  prevailing  between  police  and  citizens  sporadically  turn  into  political  flash-positions,  chiefly,  in  minority  communes.  Due  to  the  significance  of  police  services  subject  to  a  well-operating  society,  many  considerable  literature  works  examining  these  provisions  have  come  into  sight.  Police  are  considered  as  the  service  providers  to  the  community  by  carrying  out  operational  patrols,  retorting  to  circumstances  so  as  to  impose  laws,  thereby,  keeping  up  with  the  public  order,  put  into  effect  police  authorities,  examine  incidents  and  wrong-doings,  and  last  but  not  the  least,  create  and  propose  evidence  in  a  judicial  or  quasi-judicial  set  (Larsen  and  Blair,  2009).  It  is  quite  essential  for  them  to  possess  a  winsome  know-how  of  laws  and  decrees,  regulations,  policies,  and  procedures.  This  is  for  the  reason  that  the  knowledge  about  criminal  proceedings  will  facilitate  them  to  not  only  proficiently  analyze  but  preserve  the  crime  scenes,  and  carry  out  investigations,  followed  by  implementation  of  police  authorities  which  may  be  inclusive  of  searching  of  persons,  assets  or  vehicles,  tackling  victims  of  crime,  and  arresting  the  suspects  (Lester,  1983).

Hence,  this  report  is  an  attempt  towards  understanding  the  significance  of  ideal  police  officers  for  the  society  as  they  are  the  people  empowered  to  impose  the  law,  and  protect  property,  thereby,  diminishing  civil  disorder  (Niederhoffer,  1967).  This  assessment  will  set  the  criteria  for  ideal  police  personnel  who  efficaciously  use  their  authority  to  make  legitimized  use  of  their  force  and  powers.  Hence,  to  make  it  possible,  in  this  assessment,  we  will  study  about  the  significance  of  police  education  and  will  see  how  it  holds  importance  in  the  applicants  profiles.  Moreover,  we  will  also  study  various  empirical  literatures  about  the  personality  attributes  that  are  a  requisite  for  an  ideal  police  officer.  This  will  solve  our  purpose  of  gauging  the  applicants  proficiencies  in  accordance  with  the  set  criteria  so  as  to  provide  opportunities  to  the  best  of  the  candidates.  All  in  all,  with  this  report,  we  will  have  a  clear  comprehension  of  what  attributes  does  an  ideal  police  officer  comprise  of,  and  how  do  those  characteristics  help  in  the  welfare  of  the  society.

SIGNIFICANCE OF POLICE EDUCATION
According  to  Trofymowych  (2008),  for  over  two  decades,  peers  in  policing,  including  police  ministers  as  well  as  commissioners,  have  discoursed  with  regards  to  the  need  for  professionalized  police  by  means  of  university  education.  Hence,  in  an  attempt  to  modernize  the  police  institutions  as  well  as  professionalizing  policing,  todays  world  calls  for  an  increasingly  common  requisite  which  is  the  acquirement  of  formal  university  qualifications  (Cascio,  1972).  Within  a  rich  societal  context,  it  has  been  discerned  that  police  pursue  total  professional  standards  that  reflect  national  education  status  and  are  strengthened  by  university  qualifications  and  proficiencies  (Kakar,  1998).  The  proposition  that  police  ought  to  acquire  university  qualifications  is  not  a  novel  concept.  As  noticed  by  Carte  (1973),  in  earlier  times,  many  chief  personnel  of  police  fostered  police  officers  to  undertake  formal  university  education  at  the  commencement  of  the  twentieth  century.  Nevertheless  it  was  not  until  the  conclusion  of  the  twentieth  century  that  considerable  numbers  of  police  personnel  as  well  as  administrators  initiated  with  discoursing  about  the  advantages  of  university  education  for  police.  According  to  scholars  like  Roberg  and  Bonn  (2004)  and  Lewis  (1992),  it  was  then  that  the  role  of  police  education  in  professional  context  started  to  gain  acceptance.  Hence,  since  this  instance,  there  have  been  many  reviews  executed  with  regards  to  the  influence  of  education  on  the  attitudes  and  performance  of  the  police  personnel.  It  is  also  argued  that  police  education  has  had  both  positive  as  well  as  negative  influences  upon  the  police  (Larsen  and  Blair,  2009).

A SUMMARY OF THE PROFILES OF APPLICANTS

Overview  and  Education-Work  Profile
The  first  applicant  is  a  female  who  is  32  years  old  and  is  qualified  as  a  Master  in  Criminology.  This  construes  that  she  has  studied  crime  as  well  as  the  behavior  of  criminals  efficaciously.  Moreover,  she  is  well-comprehensive  of  the  social  foundations  of  criminal  behavior,  social  value  configurations,  and  various  hypotheses  associated  with  the  punishment,  criminal  decrees  and  justice  systems.  The  most  striking  thing  about  her  is  her  work  experience  profile  which  says  that  she  has  been  an  Administration  professional  for  3  years,  and  has  successfully  served  Home  Duties  for  4  years.  Her  experiences  in  the  field  of  policing  add  upbeat  features  to  her  profile.  All  in  all,  she  is  fully  cognizant  of  the  social  attitudes  and  policies  to  specific  matters  in  law  enforcement  administration  as  well  as  policies.
On the other hand, the  second  applicant  is  a  male  who  is  28  years  old  and  holds  a  Bachelors  Degree  in  the  field  of  Science.  It  is  known  that  Bachelor  Degree  in  Science  is  an  entry  point  into  the  international  scientific  group.  While  it  has  little  to  do  with  criminology,  it  still  inculcates  within  the  pursuant  the  proficiency  of  problem-solving,  teamwork  and  communication  (Victoria  University  of  Wellington,  2007).  The  education  profile  of  Applicant  2  is  rather  usual,  however,  gives  an  insinuation  that  the  person  is  open  to  offer  insight  about  a  number  of  elementary  structures  of  the  world.  He  is  an  explorer  by  nature  and  believes  in  looking  at  things  from  the  depth.  On  the  other  hand,  his  work  profile  is,  although,  attractive,  but  does  not  support  his  idea  of  becoming  an  ideal  police  officer.  The  reason  is  his  work  experience  in  the  hospitality  field  which  is  totally  different  from  criminology  and  policing.  He  has  been  a  Bar  Attendant  for  3  years,  and  a  Retail  Assistant  for  2  years.  The  nature  of  jobs  in  hospitality  suggests  that  it  is  a  field  of  benevolence  and  munificence.  Precisely,  it  provides  the  pursuant  only  with  an  adeptness  to  deal  with  different  types  of  people.

Personality  Profile
The  conscientiousness  of  Applicant  1  is  very  high  which  delineates  that  she  is  painstaking  and  cautious  in  everything  she  does.  She  possesses  the  quality  of  acting  in  accordance  with  the  dictates  of  her  conscience  and  is  attributed  by  self-discipline,  cautiousness,  organization,  and  a  need  for  achievement  in  everything  she  does.  However,  her  profile  responds  averagely  to  agreeableness  and  extraversion  which  means  that  she  does  not  stay  pleasant  most  of  the  time  in  social  circumstances.  More  to  it,  as  suggested  by  Goldberg  (1993),  a  key  attribute  called  Openness  to  Experience  is  one  of  the  five  principal  areas  of  personality  as  discovered  by  psychologists  (Goldberg,  1993).  However,  Applicant  1  doesnt  show  positive  signs  to  this  attribute  and  is  quite  low  on  assessment.  Also,  the  enduring  propensity  to  go  through  negative  emotional  circumstances  and  experience  feelings  such  as  anxiety,  guilt,  and  depression,  which  is  called  as  Neuroticism  (Matthews  and  Deary,  1998)  is  a  low  quotient  on  the  profile  of  this  applicant.

Regardless  of  the  professional  qualification  of  Applicant  2  being  tactless,  his  personality  profile  puts  forward  positive  facts.  His  conscientiousness  quotient  is  high  which  suggests  that  he  is  careful  about  every  task  he  is  assigned.  Such  individuals  are  usually  hard-working  and  are  extremely  reliable.  They  may  also  become  workaholics  and  compulsive  at  times.  However,  his  agreeableness  quotient  is  same  as  that  of  Applicant  1,  which  is  average.  This  again  suggests  that  he  does  not  always  stay  pleasant  and  amused.  In  contrast  to  Applicant  1,  this  applicant  is  open  to  experience  at  a  very  high  level.  Also,  the  extraversion  quotient  of  this  applicant  is  higher  in  comparison  with  Applicant  1.  Lastly,  both  the  Applicants  have  similar  quotients  of  Neuroticism.  This  shows  that  the  patience  tendency  of  the  applicant  to  experience  negative  emotional  situations  along  with  feelings  such  as  depression,  anxiety,  guilt  is  quite  high,  and  both  the  applicants  behave  averagely  towards  it.

RECOMMENDATIONS
After  assessing  the  education  and  personality  profile  of  Applicant  1,  it  can  be  concluded  that  her  education  foundation  is  extremely  strong,  and  the  applicant  possesses  all  the  professional  qualifications  that  build  the  basis  for  a  successful  and  ideal  police  officer.  However,  her  personality  traits  suggest  something  different.  Even  though  she  is  highly  conscientious,  she  may  have  trouble  controlling  urges  and  may  have  low  emotional  intelligence.  This  may  lead  to  low  emotional  regulation,  motivation,  and  interpersonal  proficiencies  (Goleman,  1997).  This  may  adversely  affect  the  work  the  applicant  does  as  her  negative  attributes  might  make  her  more  laid-back,  less  goal-oriented,  and  less  driven  by  prosperity.  However, after  analyzing  the  education  and  work  profile  of  Applicant  2,  it  can  be  suggested  that  his  education  and  work  experience  do  not  show  strong  signs  of  being  an  ideal  police  professional.  He  has  lesser  experience  in  the  field  of  criminology  and  might  find  it  difficult  to  cope  up  with  the  laws  and  regulations  in  the  crime  domain.  However,  his  additional  proficiencies  and  positive  personality  profile  might  help  him  to  a  certain  extent.

A  thorough  assessment  of  both  the  applicants  profiles  construes  that  Applicant  1,  who  is  a  32  year  old  female,  is  a  suitable  candidate  for  becoming  an  Ideal  Police  Officer.  It  is  efficaciously  proved  through  the  analysis  of  her  profile  that  she  has  stronger  professional  and  personal  qualifications  in  the  field  of  policing  and  criminology  which  make  her  stand  even  more  unbending.  This  suggests  that  she  has  active  imagination,  aesthetic  sensitivity,  and  intellectual  curiosity.  Unlike  Applicant  2,  Applicant  1  possesses  better  proficiencies  and  has  excellent  knowledge  of  criminology  and  policing.  She  also  possesses  high  motivation  for  police  role  which  will  work  positively  for  her  in  her  binge  to  become  an  Ideal  Police  Professional.